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Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 45(4), 2009, pp. 941-951
© Wildlife Disease Association  2009
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SALMONELLOSIS IN A FREE-RANGING POPULATION OF JAVELINAS (PECARI TAJACU) IN SOUTH CENTRAL ARIZONA

 Lisa A. Shender1,4,5, Robert D. Glock2 and Terry R. Spraker3

1 Arizona Game and Fish Department, Phoenix, Arizona 85086, USA
2 Arizona Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85705, USA
3 Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
5 Corresponding author (email: lashender{at}ucdavis.edu)

ABSTRACT:   The javelina, or collared peccary (Pecari tajacu), is indigenous to Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas in the United States and ranges throughout Latin America. From June 2004 to April 2005, an estimated 105 javelinas died in a mortality event that occurred in Tucson, Arizona, and neighboring areas. Clinical signs observed in sick animals included emaciation, dehydration, lethargy, and diarrhea. In addition, some animals showed labored breathing and hind limb weakness. We necropsied 34 animals, and enteritis was the most frequent clinical sign, followed by colitis, pulmonary congestion, and pneumonia. The only consistent findings were isolations of Clostridium perfringens type A and multiple Salmonella serotypes. Although it is likely that these javelinas ultimately succumbed to salmonellosis, it is unclear whether other unidentified underlying factors were involved. This is the first reported case of widespread salmonellosis in free-ranging javelinas.
  Key words:  Clostridium perfringens, collared peccary, enteritis, javelina, Pecari tajacu, Salmonella spp., Tayassu tajacu.

4 Current address: Wildlife Health Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA






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