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¹ Environmental Medicine Consortium, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, USA;
² Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, Farmland Wildlife Research Center, Madelia, Minnesota 56062, USA;
³ Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota 57007, USA
⁸ Corresponding author (email: kmwolf{at}ncsu.edu)

ABSTRACT:   To determine exposure to a variety of infectious diseases potentially important for native ungulates, livestock, and humans, serum samples from 114 (94 adults, 20 fawns) female white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) were collected during January 2000–03 from multiple locations in southeast (SE) and southwest (SW) Minnesota. Antibody prevalence was determined for the following pathogens: Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, Leptospira interrogans (six serovars), Anaplasma marginale, Borrelia burgdorferi, Brucella abortus, epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus, and bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) types 1 and 2. Samples collected in 2001 were screened for antibodies against Anaplasma phagocytophilum, and whole blood was submitted for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing for A. phagocytophilum and B. burgdorferi. In addition, serum selenium concentrations were evaluated for samples collected during 2001–03. Antibody prevalence and selenium concentration were compared by age-class and geographic region. Antibodies to all of the infectious agents except A. marginale and B. abortus were detected; when detected, antibody prevalence was highest in adults. Deer collected from SE Minnesota had a higher antibody prevalence to B. burgdorferi than SW deer. Blood culture and PCR results for A. phagocytophilum and B. burgdorferi were negative. Antibodies against BVDV (combined types 1 and 2) were more prevalent (² = 3.617, P 0.029) in deer collected in SW (41%) than in SE (25%) Minnesota. No statistically significant differences in serum selenium concentrations were detected when data were analyzed by age-class or by geographic location.
  Key words:  Infectious disease, Minnesota, Odocoileus virginianus, selenium, serology, white-tailed deer.

⁴ Current address: Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources, Fisheries and Wildlife Sciences Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27603, USA

⁵ Current address: Department of Biology and Wildlife, University of Alaska Fairbanks, 211 Irving 1, Fairbanks, Alaska 99775, USA

⁶ Current address: Hayden-Wing Associates, Environmental Consultants, PO Box 1689, Laramie, Wyoming 82073, USA

⁷ Current address: Pennsylvania Game Commission, Ligonier, Pennsylvania 15658, USA