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Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 43(1), 2007, pp. 40-47
© Wildlife Disease Association  2007
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ASSESSING FLAVIVIRUS, LENTIVIRUS, AND HERPESVIRUS EXPOSURE IN FREE-RANGING RING-TAILED LEMURS IN SOUTHWESTERN MADAGASCAR

 Kerry Sondgeroth1, Brad Blitvich1,2, Carol Blair1,2, Julie Terwee1, Randall Junge4, Michelle Sauther3 and Sue VandeWoude1,5

1 Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, 80523 USA
2 Arthropod-borne and Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, 80523 USA
3 Department of Anthropology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, 80309 USA
4 St. Louis Zoological Park, St. Louis, Missouri, 63110 USA
5 Corresponding author (email: suev{at}colostate.edu)

ABSTRACT:   The ring-tailed lemur (Lemur catta) is an endangered species found in southwestern Madagascar, and understanding infectious disease susceptibility is an essential step towards the preservation of wild and captive lemur populations. Lemurs are primates that are widely dispersed throughout the island of Madagascar and may serve as hosts or reservoirs for zoonotic infections. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of antibodies to West Nile virus (WNV), simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), and herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) in a population of free-ranging ring-tailed lemur from the Beza Mahafaly Special Reserve, Madagascar. Samples were collected from 50 animals during field capture studies in June and July 2004 and assayed for presence of viral antibodies during the 12 mo following collection. Forty-seven of the 50 lemurs sampled had antibodies against WNV detectable by epitope-blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In addition, 50 of 50 samples had titers against WNV ranging from 80 to ≥ 1,280 using plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT90). Ten lemurs had antibodies against lentiviral antigens as determined by Western blot analysis. None of the lemurs had antibodies against HSV-1 using ELISA.
  Key words:  Herpes simplex virus type 1, Lemur catta, Madagascar, ring-tailed lemur, serologic status, simian immunodeficiency virus, West Nile virus.






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