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¹ US Department of Agriculture-Animal Plant Health Inspection Service, National Wildlife Research Center, 4101 LaPorte Ave., Fort Collins, Colorado 80521, USA
² US Department of Agriculture-Animal Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, National Wildlife Research Center, 4101 LaPorle Ave., Fort Collins, Colorado 80521, USA
³ Idaho Department of Fish and Game, 16569 S. 10th Ave., Caldwell, Idaho 83607, USA
⁴ Corresponding author (email: lowell.a.miller{at}usda.gov)

Preventing pregnancy in brucellosis-infected bison (Bison bison) provides a potential means of preventing transmission of disease. To determine whether a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) vaccine was effective in reducing pregnancy in bison and to study the safety of injecting GnRH in pregnant bison, a study was conducted at the Idaho Fish and Game Wildlife Health Laboratory in Caldwell, Idaho (USA). Four pregnant and two nonpregnant female bison were given a single injection of GnRH vaccine, and five pregnant adult females were given a sham injection that contained only adjuvant. Three of the GnRH-vaccinated bison that were pregnant at the time of vaccination delivered healthy calves. One treated bison had dystocia that resulted in a dead calf. All control bison delivered healthy calves. After calving, females of both groups were exposed to two bulls. Treated bison were palpated 6 wk after exposure to the bulls, and blood was drawn for pregnancy-specific protein B analysis. The six treated bison were not pregnant. The sham-treated bison became pregnant and delivered viable calves. This study demonstrates that a single dose of GnRH vaccine is effective in preventing pregnancy in female bison for at least 1 yr.

  Key words:  Gonadotropin-releasing hormone, immunocontraception, GnRH vaccine, bison.

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