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Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 40(2), 2004, pp. 267-272
© Wildlife Disease Association  2004
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LEVELS OF FECAL CORTICOSTERONE IN SANDHILL CRANES DURING A HUMAN-LED MIGRATION

Barry K. Hartup1,4,6, Glenn H. Olsen2, Nancy M. Czekala3, Joanne Paul-Murphy4 and Julia A. Langenberg5

1 International Crane Foundation, E-11376 Shady Lane Road, Baraboo, Wisconsin 53913, USA
2 Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, United States Geological Survey, Laurel, Maryland 20708, USA
3 Center for Reproduction of Endangered Species, Zoological Society of San Diego, San Diego, California 92112, USA
4 Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
5 Bureau of Wildlife Management, Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Madison, Wisconsin 53707, USA
6 Corresponding author (email: hartup{at}savingcranes.org)

Fourteen captive-reared greater sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis tabida) were conditioned to follow ultralight aircraft to promote migration between Wisconsin and Florida (USA) after release. Fecal samples were collected throughout the training period in Wisconsin and during a 1,977-km human-led migration to Florida to determine fecal corticosterone (FC) concentrations by radioimmunoassay. The mean (±SE) FC concentration during the training period was 109.5±7.5 ng/g and was representative of baseline levels recorded previously from sandhill cranes. Fecal corticosterone concentrations increased in early migration compared to concentrations 1 mo prior to departure (P<0.01) but were not different from baseline concentrations at the end of the 6-wk migration period. The variability of FC concentrations in individual samples was greater throughout the migration than the training period. Increases in FC during migration were modest and generally consistent with normal corticosterone elevations observed in migrating birds.

  Key words:  Fecal corticosterone, glucocorticoid, Grus canadensis tabida, health management, migration, radioimmunoassay, sandhill crane, stress.






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