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Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 23(3), 1987, pp. 443-446
© Wildlife Disease Association  1987
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Salt toxicosis in waterfowl in North Dakota

RM Windingstad, FX Kartch, RK Stroud, and MR Smith


ABSTRACT

About 150 waterfowl died and another 250 became weak and lethargic from suspected salt poisoning after using White Lake, a highly saline lake in Mountrail County, North Dakota. Frigid temperatures made fresh water unavailable, forcing the birds to ingest the saline waters with resultant toxic effects. Sick birds recovered when removed from the salt water and released into fresh water marshes. Brain sodium levels were higher in dead geese submitted for necropsy than in controls.


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T. K. Bollinger, P. Mineau, and M. L. Wickstrom
TOXICITY OF SODIUM CHLORIDE TO HOUSE SPARROWS (PASSER DOMESTICUS)
J. Wildl. Dis., April 1, 2005; 41(2): 363 - 370.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Copyright © 1987 by the Wildlife Disease Association.